Plica Syndrome

Plica Syndrome
Plica (PLI-kah) syndrome occurs when plicae (bands of synovial
tissue) are irritated by overuse or injury. Synovial plicae
are the remains of tissue pouches found in the early stages of
fetal development. As the fetus develops, these pouches normally
combine to form one large synovial cavity. If this
process is incomplete, plicae remain as four folds or bands of
synovial tissue within the knee. Injury, chronic overuse, or
inflammatory conditions are associated with this syndrome.
Symptoms
Symptoms of plica syndrome include pain and swelling, a
clicking sensation, and locking and weakness of the knee.
Diagnosis
Because the symptoms are similar to those of some other
knee problems, plica syndrome is often misdiagnosed. Diagnosis
usually depends on excluding other conditions that
cause similar symptoms.
Treatment
The goal of treatment is to reduce inflammation of the synovium
and thickening of the plicae. The doctor usually prescribes
medicine such as ibuprofen to reduce inflammation.
People are also advised to reduce activity, apply ice and an
elastic bandage to the knee, and do strengthening exercises.
A cortisone injection into the plica folds helps about half of
those treated. If treatment fails to relieve symptoms within
3 months, the doctor may recommend arthroscopic or open
surgery to remove the plicae.